Glossary

Understand web performance &
digital experience optimization

Clear definitions of the metrics, concepts, and signals that impact site speed, search rankings, user behavior, and revenue.

Average Order Value

Revenue

Average Order Value (AOV) measures the average amount a customer spends per order on your store. It’s one of the most powerful ecommerce growth metrics because increasing AOV boosts revenue without requiring more traffic or higher ad spend.

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Bounce rate

User Experience

Bounce Rate is a web analytics metric that measures the percentage of website sessions that are not considered 'engaged' within Google Analytics 4 (GA4).

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Cart abandonment signals

Ecommerce

Cart abandonment signals are behavioral and technical indicators that suggest a shopper is likely to leave a website after adding items to their cart without completing a purchase.

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Checkout Friction

CRO

Checkout Friction refers to any obstacle, delay, or confusion that makes it harder for a user to complete a purchase during the checkout process. Even small issues-like slow-loading steps, unnecessary form fields, or unclear errors-can interrupt purchase intent and cause motivated buyers to abandon before finishing their order.

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Critical Rendering Path

Performance

The Critical Rendering Path is the sequence of steps a browser takes to convert HTML, CSS, and JavaScript into pixels displayed on the screen. Optimizing this process helps pages load faster, improves perceived performance, and creates a smoother user experience.

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Lab data vs. field data

User Experience

Lab Data (Synthetic Monitoring) and Field Data (Real User Monitoring) represent the two fundamental ways to measure website performance, each serving a distinct but complementary purpose.

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Perceived load speed

User Experience

Perceived Load Speed (PLS) is a subjective measure of how fast a website feels to a user, which is often more critical for retention than the actual technical load time.

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Pogo Sticking

User Experience

Pogo sticking happens when users quickly return to search results after clicking a page that failed to meet their expectations. It’s a strong signal of poor user experience, often caused by irrelevant content, slow load times, confusing navigation, or misleading headlines.

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Product Discovery

Ecommerce

Product Discovery is the process by which users find relevant products on an ecommerce site through navigation, search, filters, and recommendations. When discovery works well, users quickly reach products that match their intent; when it fails, even high-intent visitors leave without ever viewing the items they came for.

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